Realistic fiction traced its origin from the 19th century when realistic art movement began. It is quite different than what happened in earlier literature. This form of literature is closer to reality with facts and stereotypes of human nature. The main aim of this genre is to connect people with reality, not to comment or judge a particular scene /character.
The realistic fiction generally depicts the struggles of the lower class, so this genre is also called as social realism. In the Victorian Era, poetry was the main form of literature. As the middle class became literate, the popularity of this genre has increased. This fiction mostly portrayed the working class reflecting the plight of the poor as well as social mobility. Realistic fiction put more emphasis on common action, minor catastrophe of the middle class. It has a simple language highlighting the main issue. Literary responsibility is to bring the scenario into limelight and accurately interpret the reality. Realism certainly encompasses its own unique ideas; the genre continues to utilize the strengths of empiricism and romanticism. This genre is characterised by its attention that is followed by details. One of the most famous realistic novels is “Great Expectations” written by Charles Dickens in the year 1860. This novel revolves around a young orphan “Pip”. Pip was raised by his sister and her husband Mr. Joe. Pip was approached by a convict escaped from prison, who asked him to bring some tools so that he could escape and Pip does so. Pip falls in love with Estella but she doesn’t like him at all. After this, he moves to London and there he meet the person whom he had helped to escape, “Magwitch”. Magwitch reveals that he made a fortune but before they achieved their fortune, he was convicted for murder and sentenced for death. When Pip returns for home after many years, he meets his childhood love Estella and they got married. The theme of the novel includes various realistic features, aspirations, wealth and crime. This novel has real life connection with an orphan boy. Narrative was an extremely popular style during Victorian Era. The readers always experience tension and anxiety throughout the story, but are always attracted and motivated to read further. The judgment of the novel is always suspended in this type of fiction. The reader makes an assumption on their own after completing the novel. The realization is meant to be enjoyable as it always captivates attention.
Charlotte Bronte was another famous realistic novelist who creates strong female heroines who having a strong moral character. Bronte always speaks out for their rights and position in the society.
Realistic novel is often criticized for its bold and real scenes. Critics always points out that this type of literature only focuses on negative things and lack happy endings. Now the realism has gotten another name “Naturalism”, and it defined their character using their history and heredity. Naturalism also endeavors to govern scientifically and manipulate all the action of subjects. These novels bring to light the inner thoughts of middle class.
Priya Singh @Samacharline